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A High-Performance Brain-Computer Interface, Nature
 









Excerpts: Recent studies have demonstrated that monkeys1,2,3,4 and
humans5,6,7,8,9 can use signals from the brain to guide computer cursors.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) may one day assist patients suffering from
neurological injury or disease, but relatively low system performance remains a
major obstacle. In fact, the speed and accuracy with which keys can be selected
using BCIs is still far lower than for systems relying on eye movements. This is
true whether BCIs use recordings from populations of individual neurons using
invasive electrode techniques1,2,3,4,5,7,8 or electroencephalogram recordings
using less-6 or non-invasive9 techniques. Here we present the design and
demonstration, using electrode arrays implanted in monkey dorsal premotor
cortex, of a manyfold higher performance BCI than previously reported9,10. These
results indicate that a fast and accurate key selection system, capable of
operating with a range of keyboard sizes, is possible (up to 6.5 bits per
second, or 15 words per minute, with 96 electrodes). The highest information
throughput is achieved with unprecedentedly brief neural recordings, even as
recording quality degrades over time. These performance results and their
implications for system design should substantially increase the clinical
viability of BCIs in humans.
Source: A High-Performance Brain-Computer Interface[
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7099/full/nature04968.html ], Gopal
Santhanam, Stephen I. Ryu, Byron M. Yu, Afsheen Afshar, Krishna V. Shenoy, DOI:
10.1038/nature04968, Nature 442, 195-198, 06/07/13

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